Gear-rolling machine.



H. N. ANDERSON.

GEAR ROLLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED OCT. 5. W15.

1 ,240,91 8. Patentalfiept. 25, 1917.

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H. N. ANDERSON.

GEAR HOLUNG MACHINE.

Amlcmou FILED on. 5. ms.

PatentedSept. 25, 1917.

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GEAR ROLUNG MACHINE.

APPLICAUON FILED OCT. l5. I935.

1,240,918. Patontedbept. 25,1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. N. ANDERSON.

GEAR ROLLING MACHINE.

APPUCATiON HLED 00?. 5. ms.

1 340,91 8. latvntvd saw. 25, 1am.

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H. N. ANDERSON.

GEAR ROLLING MACHINE- APPLlCATlON FILED act. as. law.

1,240,918. Patvntudwpt. 25,1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

,Q MM 2( MMT H. N ANDERSON GEAR ROLLING MACHINE.

APPLICATiOH HLED OCT. l5. I915. 1,240,918. Pan-Mod Sept. 25, 1017.

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HAROLD N. ANDERSON, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ANDERSON ROLLED GEAR COMPANY. OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

GEAR-ROLLING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

oi iginal application filed November 11, 1913, Serial No; 800,251. Divided and this application filed October 15, 1915. Serial No. 55,977.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, I'IAROLD N. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gear-Rollin Machines, of which the following is a ful clear, and exact description.

This application is a division from my earlier application, S. N. 800251, filed No.- vember 11th, 1913, and my invention relates to machines for forming teeth on gears by rollingna blank gear against a die-r01 havin a wor 'ng face complementary in essentia particulars to the form it is desired to impart to the blank. The die-roll may be a counterpart of the gear the blank is designed to mesh with, or it may be a roll which, though not like the gear the finished blank will be mated with, is capable of forming teeth of the desired form and size on the blank. The preferred embodiment of my invention herein shown is only adapted to'roll teeth on bevel gears, but it is not therefore to be inferred or understood that the invention is limited to that use. On the contrary I also disclose a machine for rolling spur gears.

The principal advantages derived from rolling teeth on gears are:

First; the metal in the teeth, and in the part of the gear adjacent to the teeth, is thereby rendered very dense and fine grained.

Second; the grain, or fiber, of the metal is made to follow the contour of the teeth to a considerable extent, giving them very great strength.

Third; a high'degree of accuracy, both as to size and form of teeth, is assured.

Fourth; gears can be produced by this method at a much smaller cost than by any other. This is particularly true of bevel gears, the production of which has in the past been very expensive.

Fifth; gears may be made of materials which can not be made into gears by any other rocess.

Sixt 1; gears made of materials which are hardened by sudden chilling; such, for ex ample, as high carbon steel, may be hardened to a considerable extent while they are be ng rolled. The die-roll may be kept at a chilling temperature by'a jet of cold air or water for this purpose.

While the valuable qualities of rolled gears are primarily due to the fact that they are rolled, these qualities or at least part of them, are only attainable by maintaining synchronous relations between the teeth on the die-roll and the developing teeth on the blank while the latter are being formed. This synchronism may be maintained by driving the blank at such velocity that the maginary line which, when the gear is finished, will be known as its pitch-line, will move from the beginning to the end of the .tooth-forming operation at the same velocity as the pitch-line of the die-roll. The struc ture herein shown is provided with means for this purpose.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view of my machine with a blank in place to be rolled.v r

Fig. 2 is a similar view, with the parts in the positions they will occupy at the completion of a blank.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base of Figs. 1 2nd 2, showing certain details of construcion.

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of certain parts of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of certain part of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the machine shown in Fi s. 1 and 2.

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of a portion of the blank clamping mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 8 is a plan and Fig. 9 an end elevation of a machine for rolling spur gears.

Fig. 10 is a plan view similar to Fig. 8, but with the lparts in the position they 00- cupy when t e rolling operation is completed.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts in all the views.

The following brief explanation of bevel gears will make what follows more easily understood: The teeth of bevel gears are constructed on imaginary pitch-cones in the same way that the teeth of spur gears are constructed on imaginary pitch cylinders. The pitch cones of a pair bevel rs, if mounted on shafts in place of t e bevel gears, would drive each other by frictional contact in the same velocit ratio as given by the bevel gears themse ves., The angle formed by the axis and one side of the itch cone is called the pitch cone angle an the sum of the two itch cone angles equals the center angle. he center angle equals the angle formed by the axes of the cones, measured on the side on which the contact between the cones takes place. The itch diameter is the diameter of the base 0 the cone, and since the pitch of a bevel gear is measured on a circle of the same diameter, pitch circle will be understood to mean a circle of the same diameter as the base of the cone. The pitch cone radius is the distance from the apex of the cone to the perimeter of its base. Treating the pitch circle as the perimeter of a plane, this imaginary plane will hereinafter be called the pitch plane of the gear.

Referring now to the drawings, is a base plate carryin bearings 76 and 7 7 and a shaft 78 mounted in the bearings. A timin r ear 79 is secured to the end of the sha t By a late 80 and screws 81, (Figs. 4 and 5) the slaft being provided with a flange 82 which abuts against the end of bearing 76. A superimposed plate 83 is pivoted at 84, the pivot being a stud rigidly set in a plate 85 arranged to move transversely with reference to the shaft 78. (Figs. 3 and 6?. The

amped in any desired osition by bolts 87. he plate 83 is attao ed to the pivot by a sleeve 88 having studs 89 projecting from opposite sides, their axes bem coincident and passing through the aiis o the pivot, which studs pass-'through l 90 on the plate. The sleeve is maintaine in any desired position by nuts 91 screwed on the studs and against the ln s 90. A timing gear 92 is secured to as aft 93 which is mounted in bearings 94 carried by the plate 83. The plate is moved on the pivot by a screw 95 having collars 96 which embrace a rib 97 on the plate, the screw being sup'gorted by lugs 98 on the base 75, one of t e lugs being threaded. A screw 99 acts as a stop to limit the movement of the plate and the movin plate is held down by 'de blocks 117. die roll 100 is secure to the end of the shaft 93. The timing gear 79 is so pro ortioned that its pitch. plane is in line wit the axis of pivot 84 and when moved to and fro by the screw 86 the axis of the pivot movesin a plane coincident with the pitch plane of gear 79. It is evident, therefore, that the pivot can be placed so that its axis 1ust touches the pitch circle of gear 79. The timing gear 92 in turn is so proportioned plate is moved by a screw. 86 and 0 that its pitch plane would if extehded touch the common axis of studs 89. It is evident, therefore, that turning nuts 91 moves the axis of pivot 84 alon a plane co-incident with the pitch plane 0 gear 92 and that the ivot can be laced where its axis 'ust ouches the itc circle of said gear. I by of t e plunger abuts against a ball thrust-' bearing 108 (Fig. 7 which in turn abuts against a non-rotate le disk 104 located in the rear (part of the bearing 102. The disk is carrie by a shank 105, which, passing through the thrust-bearing housing wall, terminates in a recess formed by two side walls 106 and a rear wall 107. A screw 108 mounted in the threaded lug 109 on the base 75'passes through a hole in the rear wall 107 and terminates in a disk shaped head 110. A. wedge 111 is adapted to drop in between the head 110 and the end of the shank 105, the end of the shank being cut on an an is so as to lie flat against the inclined face 0 the wed The wedge is attached to a lever 112 which is fulcrumed at 113 on a pedestal attached to the base of the bearing 102. The ob'ect of the wed e is to ermit of quick wor in placing a b ank in t e machine, or removing it. When the blank is finished the screw 108 need be loosened but slightly to permit of the wedge being lifted. The bearing may then be shifted by means of the lever 114, fulcrumed at 115 and attached at 116 to the baseof the bearing 102. For the purpose of ad'ustment, two sockets 116 are, provided. ena new blank has been put in place the bearing is moved .by the lever untl the plunger strikes the blank, the wedge is then dropped into place, and a slight turn of the screw 108 is sufficient to If the timing gears have teeth of the pro er size and shape, and if they are enmes 186. to the proper depth swinging one of them on the pivot whose axis asses through clamp the blank.

the point where the pitch circ es touch, said axis being also tangent to both circles, will not affect the depth of ennieshment of their teeth, and hence there will be no change in the amount of backlash between the gears.

As the die-roll is attached to one of the timing gears, and the blank to the other timing gear, each being substantially integral with its respective gear during the time the rolling opcratiomis in progress. it follows that an imaginary circle, whuh n u the gear is finished will be its ll'drl wrcle, and which itch circle of the die s all have been sunk to the proper depth in the blank, will have traveled at the same lineal velocity as the pitch circle of the die roll all of the time the rollin operation was in progress. In fact, the ve ocity of the pitch circles will be equal even before the blank and die roll come 'into contact with each other. In other words there can be no rotary advance of either with reference to the other.

The action of the die roll teeth on the blank, due to the maintenance of equal lineal velocity of the pitch circles will now be explained:

Once during each revolution of the die roll each of its teeth attains a position where it is bisected by an imaginary straight line drawn from the axis of the die roll to the axis of the blank. That is, once during each revolution each tooth of the die roll points directly at the axis of the blank. If by any means a mark-a mere point could be made on the blank, coinciding with a mark at the center of the point of each tooth in the die roll at the moment when each mark coincides with said bisecting line, this being continued until the rolling of the teeth is completed, it would be found that a line drawn through each group of points on the blank will just touch the roll when its teeth would be straight, and in a plane radial t its axis. From this it is clear that the teet of the die roll enter the blank on a line coincident with a radial plane. In other words, the progressive deepening of each space in the blank is along a straight line leading to the axis of the blank. This gives great strength to the teeth for the same reason that rolled metal has greater strength longitudinally than transversely. What is commonly referred to as the grain of rolled metal runs parallel to the direction in which it moved in passing through the rolls, and the metal has greater tensile strengthparallel to than across the grain. The action of the die is analogous to that of the rolls, and if the grain were indicated by lines the lines would run approximately parallel to the two surfaces, thus forming a symmetrical figure resembling a pyramid. The normal strain on the teeth puts one side in tension and the other side in compression and it is seen from the foregoing thatthese' strains are longitudinal with reference to the grain of the metal.

The distance from the pivot on which the die roll swings to its vertex, equals the distance from the pivot to the vertex of the blank, and this equality is constant. It is clear, therefore, that there is no radial disthe die roll and blank. In other words, there is no relative movement between the die roll and blank along the lines of their pitch radii.

It will be obvious to any skilled mechanic that the die roll and blank may, by very simple modifications in the means for connecting them to their respective timing gears, be transposed. That is, the die roll might be mounted on shaft 78 and be as large as the blank now carried by that shaft, and the blank be mounted on shaft 93 and be the size of the present die roll. Furthermore, two gears adapted to run together might be mounted in place of the blank and die rollrespectively, and run together for the purpose of smoothing up or polishing their teeth. Gears, which have warped slightly in hardening might by this means be restored. If necessary an abrasive may be applied ,to the teeth while the gears are being run together.

The spur ear machine shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, operates on substantiall the same principle as the bevel machine. n this machine the transposition of the die-roll and blankabove suggested is carried out. That is, the blank 125 is mounted on a shaft which rotates in a bearing 126, this bearing bemg carried by a plate 127 arranged to swing on a pivot 128. gear 129 is secured to said shaft and meshes with a gear 130 secured to a shaft 131, said shaft also carrying the die-roll 132. By means of gears 133, 134 and 135 shaft 131 is arranged to drive a shaft 136 which carries what I call a breakjing-down die-roll, 137. By means of the screw 138 and hand wheel .139 the plate 127 may be swung on its pivot 128 so asto bring the blank into enga ement with either of the die-rolls. As int e bevel gear machine, the axis of pivot passes through the point of contact of the pitch circles of gears 129 and 130. As the axis liesin the plane of the sides of the gears it follows that the depth of enmeshment of the gears 129 and 130 is not affected by swinging the plat-e127 on the pivot and synchronous relations are therefore maintained between the teeth of the die-roll and the developing teeth on the blank. A-more extensive description of this machine may be found in my pending application Serial No. 643,010. As evidenced by the fact that the bevel machine here described has but a single die-roll it is obvious that the breaking-down die-roll is not essential in the operation of rolling gears.

In carrying out. the broad principles of my invention it is not essentialthat the timing gears be larger in diameter than the die roll and blank.

What I claim is as follows:

1. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a pair of gears rotatably mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their axes forming an angle, said teeth being of such relative size and shape that when mounted as aforesaid there will be substantially no backlash between them; a toothed die roll mounted in such manner that it and one of the gears are substantially integral, a blank holder mounted in such manner that it and the other gear are substantiall integral, and means for varying the angle ormed by said axes to bring the die roll and a blank carried by the holder into contact, and for continuing said variation until teeth have been formed on the blank, said means effecting the continued variation without changing the amount of backlash between the gears.

2. In a machine for rolling gears the combination of a pair of gears rotatably mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their axes forming an angle, a toothed die roll mounted so it and one of said gears are substantially integral, a blank-holder mounted so it and the other gear are substantially integral, means for varying the angle formed by said axes to bring the die roll and the blank carried by the holder into contact, and for continuing said variation until teeth have been formed on the blank, and means for maintaining such relations between the gears while the tooth forming operation progresses as will prevent rotary advance of either with reference to the other.

3. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a pair of gears rotatably mounted with teeth enmeshed and their axes form ing an angle, a toothed die roll mounted so it and one of said gears are substantially integral, a blank holder mounted so it and the other gear are substantially integral, means for varying the angle formed by said axes to bring the die roll and a blank carried by the holder into contact, and for continuin said variation until teeth have been formed on the blank, and means for keeping the teeth of the gears at a uniform depth of enmeshment while the tooth-forming operation progresses.

4. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a pair of gears rotatably mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their axes forming an angle, a toothed die roll mounted so it and one of the gears are substantially integral, said die roll being of different diameter from the gear it is attached to, a blank holder mounted so it and the other gear are substantially integral. means for producing movement of approach between the die roll and the blank carried by the holder, and means for maintaining uniform depth of enmeshment of the gear teeth While said movement of approach continues.

5. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a die roll and a blank holder, each rotatably mounted with their axes forming an angle. and means for varying said angle to bring the die roll and a blank carried by the. holder into contact, and for continuing said variation until teeth are formed on the blank, and means for preventing rotary advance of either the blank or the die roll, each with reference to the other.

6. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a die roll and a blank holder, each rotatably mounted with their axes forming an angle, means for varying said angle to bring the die roll and a blank carried by the holder into contact, and for continuing said variation until teeth are formed on the blank, and means for maintaining uniform speed ratio between the die roll and the blank while said angular variation progresses.

7. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, the combination of a pair of timing gears rotatably mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their axes forming an angle, a die roll having a working face complementary to the Working face of a bevel gear, mounted to rotate upon the same axis as one of the timing gears, a blank holder mounted to rotate upon the same axis as the other timin gear, and means for varying the angle ormed by said axes without altering the depth of enmeshment of the timing gears, said variation in angle being such as to bring the die roll and the holder toward each other, whereby the Working face of the rotating die roll may be caused to roll against the workin face of a blank carried by the holder and form teeth thereon.

8. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, the combination of a die roll having a working face conjugate to the Working face of a. bevel gear. and a blank holder. said die roll and blank holder being rotatably mounted with their axes forming an angle; means for varying said angle to bring the die roll and a blank carried by the holder into contact to form teeth on the blank. and means for maintaining uniform speed ratio between the die roll and the blank all the time the tooth forming operation is in progress.

9. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, the combination of adie roll having a working face conjugate to the working face of a bevel gear, and a blank holder. said die roll and blank holder being rotatably mounted with their axes forming an angle; means for varying said angle and thereby producing movement of approach between the die roll and a blank carried .by the holder, said means enabling said movement of approach to be continued until the die roll has impressed its form upon the blank, and means for maintaining uniform speed ratio between the die roll and the blank all the time the movement of approach continues. i

10. In a machine for rolling gears, the combination of a pair of timing gears r0- tatablv mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their axes forming an angle, a die roll mounted to rotate in unison and an axial alinement with one of the timing gears, Paid gear and die roll being of different diamelers: means for mounting a gear blank so it will rotate in unison and in axial alinement with the other timing gear, means for angle formed by said axes and thereb Eroducing relative movement of approach bringing the rotating die roll and a blan etween the die roll and blank whereby they carried by said holder into contact, said may be brought into contact for the purpose means enabling the variation in angular-it 5 of rolling the blank, Y ans for efiecting said to continue after the die roll and the blan o movement of approam without varying the are engaged and until the face of the blank depth of: enmeshment of the timing gears, has been rolled into a conjugate of the face and means for preventing radial displaceof the die roll, and means or maintainin ment of the die roll and blank, each relative uniform speed ratio between the blank an tothe other. the die roll all the time the rolling opera- 75 11. In a machine for rolling teeth on tion is in progress.

gears the combination of a die roll having a 15. In a machine for rolling gears, the working face comugate to the working face combination of a pair of gears having taof a bevel ear, an a blank holder, said the pered converging teeth, said gears being roll and lank holder being rotatably rotatably mounted with their teeth engo mounted; means ion rotating them, m n meshed to a depth which substantially prefor producing relative movement of apchides back-lash, a die roll having a workproach between the die roll and holder, ing face conjugate in essential articulars whereby the former and a blank carried by t the working face of the gear it is designed the holder may be brought into contact, and t ll, u t d t tate in ni on and in whereby said movement of approa h may be axial alinement with one of the gears, means continued thereafter until the die roll has f r u ting blank so it will rotate in formed teeth on the blank, mean or m n}- unison and in axial alinement with the other taining uniform speed ratio between the the gear, nd means for moving one of the gears 25 roll and blank all the time the movement of on an axis tangen to its pitch circle and approach and said tooth formingpperation hi h passes through th point where tho continues, and meansfor preventing radial it h i l f th gears t h, t th displacement Of the (he roll and blank, each with the member mounted to rotate in unirelative to the oth rson and in axial alinement with it, for the 80 12. In a machine for rolling teeth on urpose of bringing the die roll and blank gears, the combination of a die IOll having nto ontact with each other a working face c0n ugate to the 01" g 16. In a machine for rolling gears, the face of a bevel ear, and a blank hol or, combination of a pair of gears having tadie 1'0 and blank holder being rotapared oonvorging teeth, said goa be ng 85 tably mo nte means for rotating them, rotatably mounted with their teeth enmeans for produc ng relative movement of eshed to a depth whiohsub t ntiall proapproach between the die roll and holder, eludes back-lash, a die roll having a work- Whereby the former and a blank carried by ing f conjug t in essential rti l rs the holder may be brought into contact, and to the working face of the gear it is de- 40 whereby said movemen of app m y be signed to roll, mounted to rotate in unison continued thereafter until the die r ll has and in axial alinement with one of the gears, formed teeth on the blank, means for mainmeans for mounting a blank o it ill taining uniform speed ratio be e n e he tate in unison and in axial alinement with roll and blank all the time said movement the other gear, and means for swinging the 45 of approach and said tooth forming operadie roll and the gear to which it is attached tion continues, and a positive connection beo an x ta gent to it pitch oi -ole nd tween the die r0ll and blank holder which hi h a s through the point where the prevents radial displacement of one with it h i les of the gears touch, thereby reference to the othercausing it to contact with the blank, sa d 50 13. The combinati n f ebevel g d r means enabling the continuation of said and a blank holder, both of which are ro swinging movement until the die roll has tably mounted wi h ir eX S ormi g l 7 been sunk to a sufiicient depth into the blank angle, means for ro a ing h m and means to convert its face into a conjugate of the for varying the angle formed by said axes f e f the die 11,

and thereby bringing the rotatmg die roll 17. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, and a blank carried by said holder nto c the combination of a base, a timing gear tact' said means enabling the variation In and a blank-holder so connected as to roangularity to continue after the die roll and tato in unison in a stationary bearing carblank are engaged and until the face of the fled by the base; and a, econd timing gear blank has been rolled into a con]ugate of the d a di ll so con t d as t t t i face of thedie roll. unison in a bearing pivotally attached to 14. The combination of a die roll, a blank the base, the ivotal attachment being so holder, both of which are rotatably mountlocated with re erence to the gears that their ed with their axes forming an angle, means teeth are thereby kept enmeshed to such ior rotating them, means for varying the depth that their pitch circles touch, the

axis of the pivot passing through their such depth that their pitch circles touch,

point of contact on a lme tangent to each the axis of the pivot passing through said circle. point of contact on a line tangent to each 18. In a machinefor rolling bevel gears circle, and means for producing relative the combination of a base, a tlming gear movement of the bearings about said axis and a blank-holder so connected as to rowhereb to bring the die roll into contact fate in unison in a stationary bearing can with a lank carried by the holder.

ried by the base; a second timing gear and 22. In a machine for forming gears, the

a die roll so connected as to rotate in unicombination of a pair of gears rotatably o son in a bearing pivotally attached to the mounted with their teeth enmeshed, said base, the pivotal attachment being so located teeth being of such relative size and she c with reference to the gears that their teeth that when mounted as aforesaid there Wlll are thereby kept enmeshed to such depth be substantially no backlash between them; that their pitch circles touch, the axis of a toothed die roll mounted to rotate in uni- 5 the pivot passing through their point of son with one of said gears, and a blank contact on a line tangent to each circle, and holder mounted to rotate in unison with the means for adjusting the position of the other gear, the axes of said die roll and pivot to accommodate timing gears of difholder forming an angle; and means for ferent sizes, the movement of the pivot with varying the angle formed by said axes to -20 reference to each gear being along a line bring the die roll and a blank carried by coincident with its pitch plane. the holder into contact and or continuing 19. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, t e variation until teeth have been formed the combination of a base, a timing gear on the blank, said means efi'ecting the variaand a blank-holder so connected as to. rotate tion in an le without changing the amount 25 in unison in a stationary bearing carried of backlas between the gears. by the base; a second timing gear and a die 23. In a machine for rolling gears, the roll so connected as to rotate 1n unison in a combination of a pair of gears rotatably bearing pivotally attached to the base, the mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their pivotal attachment being so located with axes forming an angle, said teeth being of 30 reference to the gears that their teeth are such relative size and shape that when thereby kept enmeshed to such depth that mounted as aforesaid there will be substantheir pitch circles touch, the axis of the tially no backlash between them; a toothed pivot passing through their point of can die roll mounted to rotate in unison with tact on a line tangent to each circle, and one of said gears, a blank holder mounted as means for moving the second bearing on its to rotate in unison with the other gear, the pivotal axis to bring the die roll into coriaxes of said die roll and holder also formtact with a blank carried by the holder to ing an angle; and means for varying the form teeth on it. angle formed by the axes of said die roll 20. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, and holder to bring the former and a blank 40 the combination of a base, a timing gear and carried by the holder into contact and for a blanlcholder so connected as to rotate in continuing said variation until teeth have unison in a stationary bearing carried by been formed on the blank, said means effectthe base; a second timing gear and a die ing the variation without changing the roll so connected as to rotate in a bearing amount of backlash between the gears. 45 pivotally attached to the base, the ivotal 24. In a machine for rolling gears, the attachment being so located with re erence combination of a pair of gears rotatably t0 the gears that their teeth are thereby mounted with their teeth enmeshed and their kept enmeshed to such depth that their axes forming an angle; a toothed die roll pitch circles touch, the axis of the pivot mounted to rotate in unison with one of said 50 passing through their point of contact on gears, and a blank holder mounted to rotate a ilne tangent to each circle, means for movin unison with the other ear, the axes of ing the second bearing on its pivotal axis to the die roll and blank also orming an angle; bring the die roll into contact with a blank means for var carried by the holder to form teeth on it, axes of the die roll and holder to bring the 55 and a stop to limit said movement. former and a blank carried by the holder In a machine for rolling bevel gears, into contact and for continuing said variathe combination of a base, a bevel timing tion until teeth have been formed on the gen" and a blank-holder so connected as to blank, and means for maintaining such relarotate in unison, mounted in a bearing cartions between the gears while the tooth form- 60 ried by the base; a second timing gear and mg operation progresses as will prevent ro- 12.5

a die roll so connected as to rotate in unitary advance of either with reference to the son, mounted in a second bearing carried by other. the base; a pivot connecting said bearings 25. In a machine for rolling bevel gears,v

and holding them in such position that the a die-roll, means for mounting a blank,

65 teeth of the tuning gears are enmeshed to means for varying the angle to be formed 13o by the axes of the die-roll and blank when rolling of the blank is completed, and means independent of contact between the die-roll and blank for rotating them.

26. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, means for mounting a die-roll, said means being adapted to mount die-rolls of various kinds, means for mounting a blank, means for varying the angle which shall be formed by the axes of the die-roll and blank when rolling of the blank is completed, and means independent of contact between the (lie-roll and blank for rotating them.

27. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, a die-roll adapted to roll a bevel gear having fewer teeth than itself, a blank-holder capable of holding a blank which is to have fewer teeth than the die-roll, and means for producing relative motion between the dieroll and blank whereby a smaller number of teeth is rolled on the blank than the die-roll has.

28. In a gear rolling machine, in combination; means for supporting a rotating gear blank; a toothed die-roll for impressmg teeth on the blank; means for producing relative movement of approach between the blank and toothed die-roll contemporaneous with and for the purpose of forming said teeth; and means for maintaining equal velocity at the pitch lines of the blank and the toothed die-roll while said teeth are be ing formed.

29. In a gear rolling machine, in combination: means for supporting a rotating gear blank; a toothed die-roll for impressing teeth on the blank; means for producing relative movement of approach between the blank and the toothed die-roll contemporaneous with and for the purpose of forming said teeth: and means for maintaining synchronous relations between the teeth on said die-roll and the teeth on the blank while said teeth are being formed.

30. In a gear rolling machine, in combination; means for supporting a gear blank; a toothed die-roll; means for producing relative movement of approach between the blank and toothed die-roll and contemporaneously imparting motion to said die-roll, whereby to impress teeth on the blank;and means whereby, while the tooth forming operation proceeds, synchronous relations are maintained between the teeth on said dieroll and those on the blank.

31. A machine for forming gears by hot rolling comprising a rotatable gear blank support, a die-roll for forming teeth on the blank, means for producing relative movement of approach between the rotatable blank support and he die-roll, and means for simultaneously rotating said dieroll and blank support at a fixed velocity ratio, whereby the pitch line velocities of said die-roll and gear blank are maintained equal throughout the forming operation.

32. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, a die-roll adapted to roll a bevel gear having a different number of teeth than there are on the die-roll itself, a support for a blank, and means for causing the die-roll to roll a diiferent number of teeth on said blank than there are on the die-roll, said means comprising a timing mechanism for rotating the die-roll and blank at difierent angular velocities.

33. In a machine for rolling bevel gears. a die-roll adapted to roll a bevel gear having a difl'erent number of teeth than there are on the die-roll itself, a blank-holder, and means independent of the contact of the die-roll with the blank for producin relative motion between the die-roll and ilankholder whereby a different number of teeth is formed on the blank than there are on the die-roll.

34. A. machine for rolling teeth on gears, comprising means for supporting a blank, a die-roll having teeth which taper along its pitch-surface, means for pressing the dieroll and blank together, and means independent of the contact of the die-roll with the blank for producing, contemporaneously with said pressure, relative movement whereby the die is rolled on the face of the blank.

35. In a machine for rolling bevel gears, a die-roll, means for mounting a blank, means for bringing the blank and the working face of the die-roll into any desired relative position, thereby enabling the die-roll to act upon blanks of difierent sizes, whereby with said die-roll bevel gears having various numbers of teeth may be rolled, and means for maintaining synchronous relations between the die-roll teeth and the teeth which are being formed on the blank.

36. In a gear rolling machine; means for carrying a gear blank the teeth on which have been partially formed, a rotary tool enabled by rolling engagement therewith t0 finish the teeth on said blank, means for producing relative movement of approach etween the blank and said tool contemporaneous with and for the purpose of finishing said teeth, and means for maintaining synchronous relations between the tool and the teeth on the blank while said finishing operation progresses.

In testimony whereof I aiiia my signature.

HAROLD N. ANDERSON. 

